MOUSE(4) FreeBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual MOUSE(4)
NAME
mouse - mouse and pointing device drivers
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/mouse.h>
DESCRIPTION
The mouse drivers psm(4), ums(4) and sysmouse(4) provide user programs
with movement and button state information of the mouse. Currently there
are specific device drivers for bus, InPort, PS/2, and USB mice. The
serial mouse is not directly supported by a dedicated driver, but it is
accessible via the serial device driver or via moused(8) and sysmouse(4).
The user program simply opens a mouse device with a open(2) call and
reads mouse data from the device via read(2). Movement and button states
are usually encoded in fixed-length data packets. Some mouse devices may
send data in variable length of packets. Actual protocol (data format)
used by each driver differs widely.
The mouse drivers may have ``non-blocking'' attribute which will make the
driver return immediately if mouse data is not available.
Mouse device drivers often offer several levels of operation. The
current operation level can be examined and changed via ioctl(2)
commands. The level zero is the lowest level at which the driver offers
the basic service to user programs. Most drivers provide horizontal and
vertical movement of the mouse and state of up to three buttons at this
level. At the level one, if supported by the driver, mouse data is
encoded in the standard format MOUSE_PROTO_SYSMOUSE as follows:
Byte 1
bit 7 Always one.
bit 6..3
Always zero.
bit 2 Left button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
bit 1 Middle button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
Always one, if the device does not have the middle button.
bit 0 Right button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
Byte 2 The first half of horizontal movement count in two's complement;
-128 through 127.
Byte 3 The first half of vertical movement count in two's complement;
-128 through 127.
Byte 4 The second half of the horizontal movement count in two's
complement; -128 through 127. To obtain the full horizontal
movement count, add the byte 2 and 4.
Byte 5 The second half of the vertical movement count in two's
complement; -128 through 127. To obtain the full vertical
movement count, add the byte 3 and 5.
Byte 6 The bit 7 is always zero. The lower 7 bits encode the first half
of Z axis movement count in two's complement; -64 through 63.
Byte 7 The bit 7 is always zero. The lower 7 bits encode the second
half of the Z axis movement count in two's complement; -64
through 63. To obtain the full Z axis movement count, add the
byte 6 and 7.
Byte 8 The bit 7 is always zero. The bits 0 through 6 reflect the state
of the buttons 4 through 10. If a button is pressed, the
corresponding bit is cleared. Otherwise the bit is set.
The first 5 bytes of this format is compatible with the MouseSystems
format. The additional 3 bytes have their MSBs always set to zero.
Thus, if the user program can interpret the MouseSystems data format and
tries to find the first byte of the format by detecting the bit pattern
10000xxxb, it will discard the additional bytes, thus, be able to decode
x, y and states of 3 buttons correctly.
Device drivers may offer operation levels higher than one. Refer to
manual pages of individual drivers for details.
IOCTLS
The following ioctl(2) commands are defined for the mouse drivers. The
degree of support varies from one driver to another. This section gives
general description of the commands. Refer to manual pages of individual
drivers for specific details.
MOUSE_GETLEVEL int *level
MOUSE_SETLEVEL int *level
These commands manipulate the operation level of the mouse driver.
MOUSE_GETHWINFO mousehw_t *hw
Returns the hardware information of the attached device in the
following Except for the iftype field, the device driver may not
always fill the structure with correct values. Consult manual
pages of individual drivers for details of support.
typedef struct mousehw {
int buttons; /* number of buttons */
int iftype; /* I/F type */
int type; /* mouse/track ball/pad... */
int model; /* I/F dependent model ID */
int hwid; /* I/F dependent hardware ID */
} mousehw_t;
The buttons field holds the number of buttons detected by the
driver. The driver may put an arbitrary value, such as two, in
this field, if it cannot determine the exact number.
The iftype is the type of interface: MOUSE_IF_SERIAL,
MOUSE_IF_BUS, MOUSE_IF_INPORT, MOUSE_IF_PS2, MOUSE_IF_USB,
MOUSE_IF_SYSMOUSE or MOUSE_IF_UNKNOWN.
The type tells the device type: MOUSE_MOUSE, MOUSE_TRACKBALL,
MOUSE_STICK, MOUSE_PAD, or MOUSE_UNKNOWN.
The model may be MOUSE_MODEL_GENERIC or one of MOUSE_MODEL_XXX
constants.
The hwid is the ID value returned by the pointing device. It
depend on the interface type; refer to the manual page of specific
mouse drivers for possible values.
MOUSE_GETMODE mousemode_t *mode
The command reports the current operation parameters of the mouse
driver.
typedef struct mousemode {
int protocol; /* MOUSE_PROTO_XXX */
int rate; /* report rate (per sec) */
int resolution; /* MOUSE_RES_XXX, -1 if unknown */
int accelfactor; /* acceleration factor */
int level; /* driver operation level */
int packetsize; /* the length of the data packet */
unsigned char syncmask[2]; /* sync. bits */
} mousemode_t;
The protocol field tells the format in which the device status is
returned when the mouse data is read by the user program. It is
one of MOUSE_PROTO_XXX constants.
The rate field is the status report rate (reports/sec) at which
the device will send movement reports to the host computer. -1 if
unknown or not applicable.
The resolution field holds a value specifying resolution of the
pointing device. It is a positive value or one of MOUSE_RES_XXX
constants.
The accelfactor field holds a value to control acceleration
feature. It must be zero or greater. If it is zero, acceleration
is disabled.
The packetsize field tells the length of the fixed-size data
packet or the length of the fixed part of the variable-length
packet. The size depends on the interface type, the device type
and model, the protocol and the operation level of the driver.
The array syncmask holds a bit mask and pattern to detect the
first byte of the data packet. syncmask[0] is the bit mask to be
ANDed with a byte. If the result is equal to syncmask[1], the
byte is likely to be the first byte of the data packet. Note that
this method of detecting the first byte is not 100% reliable,
thus, should be taken only as an advisory measure.
MOUSE_SETMODE mousemode_t *mode
The command changes the current operation parameters of the mouse
driver as specified in mode. Only rate, resolution, level and
accelfactor may be modifiable. Setting values in the other field
does not generate error and has no effect.
If you do not want to change the current setting of a field, put
-1 there. You may also put zero in resolution and rate, and the
default value for the fields will be selected.
MOUSE_READDATA mousedata_t *data
The command reads the raw data from the device.
typedef struct mousedata {
int len; /* # of data in the buffer */
int buf[16]; /* data buffer */
} mousedata_t;
The calling process must fill the len field with the number of
bytes to be read into the buffer. This command may not be
supported by all drivers.
MOUSE_READSTATE mousedata_t *state
The command reads the raw state data from the device. It uses the
same structure as above. This command may not be supported by all
drivers.
MOUSE_GETSTATUS mousestatus_t *status
The command returns the current state of buttons and movement
counts in the following structure.
typedef struct mousestatus {
int flags; /* state change flags */
int button; /* button status */
int obutton; /* previous button status */
int dx; /* x movement */
int dy; /* y movement */
int dz; /* z movement */
} mousestatus_t;
The button and obutton fields hold the current and the previous
state of the mouse buttons. When a button is pressed, the
corresponding bit is set. The mouse drivers may support up to 31
buttons with the bit 0 through 31. Few button bits are defined as
MOUSE_BUTTON1DOWN through MOUSE_BUTTON8DOWN. The first three
buttons correspond to left, middle and right buttons.
If the state of the button has changed since the last
MOUSE_GETSTATUS call, the corresponding bit in the flags field
will be set. If the mouse has moved since the last call, the
MOUSE_POSCHANGED bit in the flags field will also be set.
The other fields hold movement counts since the last
MOUSE_GETSTATUS call. The internal counters will be reset after
every call to this command.
FILES
/dev/cuau%d serial ports
/dev/psm%d PS/2 mouse device
/dev/sysmouse virtual mouse device
/dev/ums%d USB mouse device
SEE ALSO
ioctl(2), psm(4), sysmouse(4), ums(4), moused(8)
AUTHORS
This manual page was written by Kazutaka Yokota <yokota@FreeBSD.org>.
FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p6 December 3, 1997 FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p6
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